3. Formulation
The diversity of current concretes, with their extremely variable properties, makes it impossible to imagine a common formulation principle. Generally speaking, the formulation will be oriented towards the main properties required of the material, and adapted according to the secondary properties sought. It is therefore necessary to reason by category of concrete, even if certain common principles can be retained.
• Cement: an indispensable binder that induces numerous secondary effects, whether desired or not, during hydration. It is the most expensive component of concrete. As a result, we often try to limit its quantity.
• Water: this enters into the chemical reaction with the binder to form hydrates, but is always far in excess of the cement's requirements. This excess introduces residual porosity...
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Formulation
Control of concrete formulations
Bibliography
References
- (1) - VITRUVE (traduction) - De Architectura. - (De l'architecture), Édit. Perrault, Édit. Nizard, Paris 1852 www.archi-med.com/pdf/textes/pouzzolane.pdf
- (2)...
Standards cited in the text
- Concrete – Part 1: Specification, performance, production and conformity. Classification number : P18-325 - NF EN 206-1 - 02-02
- Cement testing methods – Part 2: chemical analysis of cements. Classification index : P15-472 - NF EN 196-2 - 08-95
- Cement – Part 1: composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements. Classification index: P15-101-1 - NF EN 197-1 - 02-01
- Admixtures...
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