3. The role of hydrogen transport

3.1 Transport methods

Hydrogen suffers from a major problem: its volumetric energy density is particularly low (10.8 MJ · m ^–3 ) , more than three times less than gas and more than 3,000 times less than oil. This makes long-distance transport in gaseous form unrealistic, and therefore limits the prospects for future exchanges in this form between distant continents.

Despite this, numerous studies anticipate that by 2050, hydrogen trade will account for around a third of global demand