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4. Comparison of cryogenic solution – conventional solution
4.1 Well-to-wheel energy balance
This section presents the results of an energy balance based on a "well-to-wheel" approach for a cryogenic solution adapted to heavy-duty vehicles, compared with the stand-alone diesel mechanical refrigeration solution.
For a mechanical chiller: a quantity of primary energy is extracted, transformed, transported, stored, distributed and then used on board a refrigerated truck to produce the desired quantity of cold. These stages are illustrated in figure 7 .
For a cryogenic unit (e.g. nitrogen): a quantity of primary energy – from which...
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Comparison of cryogenic solution – conventional solution
Conclusion
Bibliography
Software tools
Air Liquide Gas Encyclopedia https://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/fr
Events
Solutrans, the International Exhibition of Road and Urban Transport Solutions, takes place every two years in Lyon (odd-numbered years). https://www.solutrans.eu/
Standards and norms
PIEK certification label for vehicles and equipment with noise emissions meeting a threshold during night-time retail deliveries (2015 version)
Regulations
International Agreement on the Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs (ATP) (applicable version of December 19, 2016).
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) (version applicable as of 1 er January 2017).
Decree no. 2007-1791 of December 19, 2007 on the technical conditions for transporting...
Directory
Manufacturers – Suppliers – Distributors (non-exhaustive list)
Cryogenic chillers
Air Liquide/blueeze TM https://www.airliquide.com/fr
Thermo King/Cryotech http://europe.thermoking.com/fr/
...
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