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3. Conclusion
The choice of heat- or cold-transfer fluids for an industrial process is based on the evaluation of numerous criteria: economic, of course, adaptation to operating temperatures, compatibility with the materials of the technical device, energy performance defined by the indicators presented above, toxicity and flammability, and environmental impact.
A recent trend –, driven by the quest for greater energy efficiency and intelligent management of thermal systems –, is leading to changes in the uses and functions of heat and cold transfer fluids: in some systems, fluids are also required to store heat and cold.
This remarkable evolution, which concerns both high-temperature devices using alternative energies (concentrated solar power plants, for example) and low-temperature devices for refrigeration or air conditioning, has led to the development...
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Conclusion
Notations and symbols
Bibliography
- Association française du froid - Guide technique pour le refroidissement indirect. - http://www. association-francaise-du-froid.fr/ouvrages.php
- ASHRAE handbook....
Software tools
COOLPACK, software for calculating fluid physical properties and thermodynamic cycles https://www.ipu.dk/products/coolpack/
EES, equation solver with fluid database
ECHTHERM, a software package developed by GRETh to calculate heat exchangers, including a fluid database
Regulations
Regulation (EU) No 517/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on fluorinated greenhouse gases and repealing Regulation (EC) No 842/2006. Text of April 16, 2014, published in the Official Journal of the European Union on May 20, 2014. https://aida.ineris.fr/consultation_document/30790
Organizations
Associations
IIF/IIR Institut international du froid/International Institute of Refrigeration http://www.iifiir.org
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers http://www.ashrae.org
AFF Association...
Commercial fluids
The names and suppliers of the main commercial fluids are listed in tables 1 and 2...
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