4. Conclusions and outlook

The flow-through tube technique benefits from a simple principle and a strong differentiation from conventional solutions.

In the food industry, simplicity, flexibility, low inertia and performance ensure a wide range of applications, from heating viscous fluids to sterilizing sensitive products.

In the chemical industry, reliability, sturdiness and compactness are major assets for applications such as heavy fuel heating or high-temperature treatment of corrosive gases.

TPC's adaptability makes it a "tailor-made" system for overcoming technological barriers:

heating of highly sensitive food products with improved heat exchange surfaces;
heating divided solids with a compact, innovative solution;
flexible,...

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Conclusions and outlook

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References

(1) - BIRD (R.B.) - The Graetz-Nusselt problem for a power law non newtonian fluid - (la problématique Graetz-Nusselt pour un fluide non newtonien de loi puissance). Chem. Ing. Sci., Vol. 6, pp. 35-41 (1956).
(2) - MIDOUX (N.) - Mécanique rhéologique des...

In Engineering Techniques

(1) - HUETZ (J.) - Notions de transfert thermique par convection - . Traité Génie énergétique A 1540. 1990.
(2) - BONTEMPS (A.), GOUBIER (C.) , coll - Échangeurs de chaleur. Problème de fonctionnement - . Traité Génie énergétique....

EDF documents

Le Tube à Passage de Courant, le chauffage électrique des liquides et des gaz dans l'industrie - Les Cahiers de l'Ingénierie, September 1994, n° 1.48.1.05.4 available from EDF Direction du Développement.

Traçage électrique des tuyauteries par l'électricité - Les Cahiers de l'Ingénierie, 1996, n° TA 82 available from EDF Direction du Développement.

Collection of internal notes...

Standardization

Installations électriques à basse tension : Règles. - NF C 15-100 - 05-91
Sécurité des installations électrothermiques. Partie 1 : Règles générales. Parties 2 à 11 règles particulières. - CEI 60519 -

European directives

Directive du conseil du 14 juin 1989 concernant le rapprochement des législations des États membres relatives aux machines modifiée par 91/368/CEE du 20/6/91 et 93/44/CEE du 14 juin 1993 et 93/68/CEE du 22 juillet 1993. - 89/392/CEE -
Directive du Conseil du 3 mai 1989 concernant le rapprochement des législations des États membres relatives à la compatibilité électromagnétique modifiée par 93/31/CEE du 24 avril...