Article | REF: BE8622 V1

Li-Ion Batteries : a Key Component for Electric Vehicles and Renewable Energies

Authors: Didier BLOCH, Frédéric LE CRAS

Publication date: March 10, 2025

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1. Lithium-ion battery technology

1.1 Operating principle

Li-ion battery operation is based on Li + ion intercalation/de-intercalation reactions that take place simultaneously at high potential in the positive electrode material and at low potential in the negative electrode material (figure 1 ). Within a crystallized material, the intercalation of a Li + ion consists in transporting (by diffusion) the latter within the material to a vacant site present in the crystalline...

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Lithium-ion battery technology