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3. Lessons learned and improvements
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A number of lessons can be drawn from these four historical accidents.
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Weaknesses in the design of these facilities make them appear vulnerable:
At Kyshtym, the storage facility and its instrumentation are not suitable for high-level waste;
At Windscale, the reactor was designed very quickly, without giving much thought to the problem of the Wigner effect in the graphite stack; moreover, more demanding operating conditions (presence of enriched uranium cartridges) had not been anticipated;
at TMI-2, inadequate instrumentation misled the operators; in addition, the large quantities of information arriving in the control room, which were not prioritized or adapted to the conditions of the accident, made...
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Lessons learned and improvements