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4. From cell to photovoltaic generator: modularity
Thanks to advances in the semiconductor industry, the unit size of PV cells has increased significantly since their inception. Initially round in the 1970s (diameter 57 mm in RTC-BPX 47 A modules), as shown in Figure 37a, they became square for better tiling of the occupied surface, dominated by typical sizes of 125 mm on a side until 2010. They have now evolved to standards around 157 mm square. With typical energy efficiencies of between 15 and 22%, the maximum unit power of a large crystalline silicon cell is therefore of the order of 5 W. What's more, the voltage V p delivered by a cell is constrained by the gap energy E g of the materials; silicon cells typically deliver 0.5 V at the point of maximum power. The result is a very low-voltage, low-power DC generator for most domestic and industrial...
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From cell to photovoltaic generator: modularity
Conclusion: summary and outlook
Bibliography
Bibliography
- (1) - BECQUEREL (E.) - Mémoires sur les effets électriques produits sous l'influence des rayons solaires. - Compte rendu académie des sciences, p. 561-566, 1 er avril 1839 https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k2968p/f561.item.zoom ...
Directory of organizations, institutions or websites for training, information or documentation on photovoltaic electricity
pvcdrom (educational website) https://www.pveducation.org/
pvresources (educational website) http://www.pvresources.com/en/introduction/introduction.php
...Events
IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conference (IEEE PVS) http://www.ieee-pvsc.org
European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU/PVSEC) http://www.photovoltaic-conference.com
Photovoltaic data and calculation software
PVSYST – professional photovoltaic system calculation software https://www.pvsyst.com/fr/
Free photovoltaic calculation software online https://photovoltaique-energie.fr/logiciels-photovoltaique-en-ligne-...
Standards
- Photovoltaic system performance – Part 1: Monitoring - IEC 61724-1 - 2017
- Installations photovoltaïques raccordées au réseau public de distribution - UTE C 15712-1 - 2010
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