3. Assessment of smoke quantity

3.1 Principle

All visibility assessment models are based on smoke opacity, expressed as concentration, extinction coefficient or optical density. Opacity is therefore the experimental parameter for determining visibility. Smoke opacity can be assessed by two main families of methods.

The main characteristics of soot in fumes are overall mass concentration, and by size, particle size distribution, chemical composition and morphology. This article focuses on the overall optical effect generated by soot and other components in fumes, rather than on the detailed measurement of the particles making up the fumes. For this, please refer to ISO 29904 or to [R 2 360] .

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Assessment of smoke quantity

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Visibility models

Bibliography

(1) - HAMINS (A.) - Soot. - In Environmental Implications of Combustion Processes. Chapter 3, CRC Press, BOCA RATON (F.L.), PURI (I.K.), Editor, 71-95 p. (1993).
(2) - HARVEY (R.G.) - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Chemistry and Carcinogenicity....

Standards and norms

Combustion chemistry – Aerosol production and measurement http://www.iso.org - ISO 29904 - 2013
Reaction to fire tests – Heat output, smoke development rate and mass loss rate – Part 1: Heat flow (conical calorimeter method) http://www.iso.org - ISO 5660-1 - 2002
Reaction to fire tests – Heat output, smoke development rate and mass loss rate – Part 2: Smoke development rate (dynamic measurement) http://www.iso.org...

Regulations

Arrêté du 21 novembre 2002 relatif à la réaction au feu des produits de construction et d'aménagement, JO du 31 décembre 2002 – p. 22126-22133.

Arrêté du 25 juin 1980 modifié portant approbation des dispositions générales du règlement de sécurité contre les risques d'incendie et de panique dans les établissements recevant du public.

Arrêté du 22 mars 2004 relatif à la révision...