Article | REF: MED7800 V1

Efficiency of filtration through respiratory protection masks

Authors: Sedigheh FARZANEH, Mohammadali SHIRINBAYAN, Michel BOCQUET, Abbas TCHARKHTCHI

Publication date: April 10, 2022

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ABSTRACT

This article is a review of the literature on the different types of face and respiratory masks, their common applications, as well as their advantages and disadvantages in this regard. The materials used and the different manufacturing techniques for these masks are presented. Environmental conditions affecting penetration are also investigated. The related mechanisms of aerosol penetration through masks are also examined. Particular attention has been paid to numerical simulation linked to these mechanisms.

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 INTRODUCTION

To protect people from biological micro-organisms and aerosols, including disease-causing bacteria, viruses and fungi, it is necessary to improve the performance of existing protective devices and develop new, adapted equipment. Since early 2020, the appearance of the new COVID-19 virus has led to increased demand for the adoption of new types of personal protective equipment (PPE) .

There is a wide variety of ways in which micro-organisms can be transmitted, classified according to particle size. For example, airborne transmission, a non-contact mode of propagation, increases the need for face protection, such as masks. This type of transmission can occur either with healthcare personnel or with the patients themselves, but also in various more or less confined areas .

Airborne particles of natural origin (volcanic eruptions, dust storms, fires...) and man-made (such as industrial or automotive emissions) are on the nanometer scale. Several studies have demonstrated the severe impact of inhaling ultrafine particles on respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Inhalation of these particles caused an estimated 8.9 million deaths in 2015

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Filtration efficiency through respirators