Article | REF: AM3048 V1

Sol-gel polymerization process

Authors: Pierre AUDEBERT, Fabien MIOMANDRE

Publication date: April 10, 2005

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1. Gel characteristics

  • Although the term "gel" has been given numerous definitions in the literature, it is generally accepted, particularly in the "sol-gel community", that:

    the gel is made up of an oxide network swollen by the solvent, with chemical bonds ensuring the mechanical cohesion of the material by giving it a rigid, non-deformable character (a gel may have an elastic character, but no macroscopic viscosity).

    In the following, we will adhere to this definition. In most cases, covalent chemical bonds form the basis of the gel's network (as in silica gels) [39] , but sometimes the network is based on weaker chemical bonds, such as coordination bonds or hydrogen bonds. The structure of the gel can (and usually does) change...

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Gel characteristics