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1. Hollow glass microspheres
1.1 Origin
It was in the USA, in the 1960s, that hollow glass microspheres were first produced on an industrial scale, using a process inspired by the observation of the following phenomenon.
During quality control of retroreflective panels made from solid glass microbeads, it became apparent that in some places, the incident light, instead of being reflected, was scattered in all directions. Analysis of these defects revealed that impurities in the glass formulation acted as expanding agents, resulting in the formation of hollow spheres that scattered light rather than reflecting it.
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Hollow glass microspheres
Bibliography
Events
Offshore Technology Conference
Offshore Norway
http://www.offshorenorway.no/event/activitymonths
Society of Petroleum Engineers
Standards and norms
- Plastics – Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics – Part 3: Method using a gas pycnometer - NF EN ISO 1183-3 - 1999
- Rigid cellular plastics – Determination of compression characteristics - ISO 844 - 2014
- Plastics – Determination of compression properties - NF EN ISO 604 - 2004
- Rigid cellular plastics -- Determination of bending properties – Part 2: Determination of flexural...
Patents
US4767726: Glass microbubbles
US4904293: Method for producing silica microspheres
US5069702: Method of making small hollow glass spheres
US4983550: Hollow glass spheres
US5534348: Hollow borosilicate microspheres and method of making
US5064784: Glass frit useful for the preparation of glass bubbles, and...
Directory
Glass microsphere manufacturers in Europe (non-exhaustive list)
3M France
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