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5. Implementation and applications
High-density polyethylene is a thermoplastic, and adopts the same processing techniques.
Note: readers are referred to the specialized files
5.1 Injection
A distinction can be made between :
single injection ;
bimaterial injection molding, which produces parts with a skin that gives them their appearance and characteristics, and a core made from lightweight or recycled materials;
co-injection of gas into PE-HD, which has a number of advantages: lighter hollow parts, less shrinkage, better surface appearance, less distortion, lower internal stresses, reduced clamping force and shorter...
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Implementation and applications
Bibliography
- (1) - PEACOCK (J.A.) - Handbook of Polyethylene – Structure, properties & applications. - MARCEL DEKKER INC. (2000).
- (2) - GRANN-MEYER (E.) - Polyethylene Pipes in applied engineering – Handbook. - TOTAL (2005).
Also...
Standards and norms
• The two main control standards (§ 3.1) used to distinguish the different grades of PE-HD according to their density and melt flow rate at 190 ˚C (MFR) are:
- Plastics – Methods for determining the density of cellular plastics – Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pycnometer method and titration method - NF EN ISO 1183-1 - 2004
- Plastics – Determination of the melt flow rate (MFR) and melt...
Regulations
NF 388 mark – Plastic tanks used for unburied storage of domestic heating oil in premises.
NF 114 mark – Polyethylene pipes for combustible gas distribution networks, drinking water distribution networks, irrigation and industrial applications, non-drinking water and pressurized wastewater systems.
Directory
Applied Market Information LTD (AMI)
Chem Systems PPE Program (CMAI)
Petrochemical Market Dynamics Polyolefins. Report, july 2010
Borealis...
Statistical and economic data
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European market
Aside from the impact of the 2009 crisis, PE-HD production in Europe will continue to decline as a result of the announced closure of certain production units. Western Europe continues to export mainly to Central European countries such as Hungary, Romania, the Czech Republic and Poland, the latter receiving the largest volume. Outside the...
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