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2. Development and outlook
Although some thermoplastic polyurethanes or TPUs (Desmopan) first appeared in the 1950s, the concept of TPEs seems to date back to the 1960s.
1950: TPU, thermoplastic polyurethane (Desmopan/ Estane) PVC/NBR, physical mixture of PVC and NBR
1961: TPU, thermoplastic polyurethane (Elastollan)
1965: SBS, styrene-butadiene-styrene (Cariflex TR)
1970: SEBS, styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (Kraton G) COPE, ether ester copolymer (Hytrel)
TPO, polyolefin/non-crosslinked elastomer blend
1975: TPO-VD, dynamically vulcanized polyolefin/elastomer blend
1976: COPE, ether/ester copolymer (Arnitel)
1980:...
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Development and outlook
Basic concepts and properties
Bibliography
Standardization
Standards mentioning thermoplastic elastomers by name have developed considerably, but do not yet cover all areas. Failing that, it is up to the parties involved in a given problem to seek out the most relevant standards for thermoplastics or rubbers, or to agree on a particular test method.
ISO standards (International Organization for Standardization)
- Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic –...
Economic data
Given the low level of consumption in relation to all plastics, and the small number of producers (sometimes only one worldwide per family), statistical data and even estimates on thermoplastic elastomers are rare and sometimes quite dissimilar.
Worldwide consumption
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