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ABSTRACT
In 2008 Satoshi Nakamoto defined a new currency model. The issuance and management of currency take place on a peer-to-peer network without central control. Bitcoin was the first cryptographic currency created on this model. It has existed since January 2009. Like the 7000 other crypto-currencies of the same type created in its wake, it works through what is called a blockchain, a file shared and controlled collectively by a peer-to-peer network. It can be used for many other purposes. Many applications are being developed and implemented gradually, especially in the world of banking and finance.
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Jean-Paul DELAHAYE: Professor Emeritus, University of Lille1 - Center de recherche en informatique, signal et automatique de Lille (CRISTAL), UMR CNRS 9189, France
INTRODUCTION
Blockchain technology was born with bitcoin, which today remains the major application and the most remarkable example of its implementation. It has become clear, however, that alongside the success of this particular blockchain, many other variants are possible, some more complex, more powerful but more risky (Ethereum), some simpler (private blockchains). A voluminous array of methods and applications is being created and designed, inspired in one way or another by Satoshi Nakamoto's unexpected construction. There is no doubt that this new technology will play a decisive role in our networked world, where the tools needed to create secure exchanges of information, value and trust will be key to progress.
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KEYWORDS
cryptography | peer-to-peer networks | Bitcoin | shared trust | proof of work | blockchain
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