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4. Intumescence and synergy
4.1 Intumescent systems
Among the wide variety of halogen-free flame retardants, intumescent systems represent a very interesting method of fire protection. This concept, which emerged in the 1970s, was originally used for paint-type coatings, but was soon applied to polymers.
An intumescent formulation is defined as such when, when heated above a critical temperature, it begins to swell and char, giving rise – to the formation of a honeycombed charcoal layer of low thermal conductivity on the surface of the – material. This honeycomb layer protects the material from external heat flow. It also prevents the diffusion of oxygen from the air into the polymer and the transport of combustible gases to the flame. Finally, it reduces or eliminates any dripping caused...
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Intumescence and synergy
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Bibliography
Events
The FRPM (Fire Retardancy and Protection of Materials) Congress is held every two years in Europe.
The MoDeSt (Modification, Degradation and Stabilization on Polymers) conference is held every two years in Europe.
http://www.modest-society.org/
The ECOFRATI (Eco-Friendly Flame Retardant Additives...
Standards and norms
- Fire hazard testing – Part 11-10: Test flames – Horizontal and vertical 50W flame test methods - NF EN 60695-11-10 - 2013
Patents
Melam-based flame retardant polyamide composition. WO9617013 A1
Flexible flame-retardant thermoplastic compositions with high thermomechanical resistance, particularly for electrical cables. WO2015018995 A1
Directory
Société Chimique de France "Degradation and fire behavior of organic materials" group
http://gcf-scf.lmops.univ-lorraine.fr/accueil/
PINFA: association of non-halogenated flame retardant manufacturers and users.
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