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Article | REF: W2701 V1

Oxidation and reduction applied to water treatment - Oxygen, chlorine and derivatives

Authors: Sylvie BAIG, Pierre MOUCHET

Publication date: August 10, 2008

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2. Chlorine

2.1 General characteristics of the element chlorine

  • Diatomic chlorine was discovered in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele, by reacting a few drops of hydrochloric acid (then called "muriatic") with pyrolusite (MnO 2 ): he obtained a dense, greenish gas, which was later named chloric gas by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1810 (from the Greek khlôros meaning "pale green").

    Box 2: Chlorine

    Symbol: Cl

    Atomic number: 17

    Atomic mass: 35.453 (often rounded to 35.5)

    Chlorine is the 20th most abundant element in the earth's crust (see the main properties of chlorine in Box 2);...

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