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3. Existing solutions
3.1 Different measurement principles
The various types of analyzers described below can be based on chemical, optical, electrochemical or biological measurement principles.
Whatever the principle, measurement is based on a system for recognizing the molecule of interest.
In the case of chemical methods, complexation reactions are responsible for most measurements, and are generally characterized by the appearance of a color.
Optical methods are based on light/matter interaction, highlighted by the modification of an electromagnetic beam and resulting in a spectrum. This spectrum may characterize a change due to the absorbance of part of the beam (UV, visible,...
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Main obstacles to the use of on-site methods
Bibliography
Standardization
Association française de normalisation AFNOR
- Water quality – Protocol for evaluating an alternative quantitative physico-chemical analysis method against a reference method (water quality) – tome 1 and 2, April 2005). - XP T90-210 - 12-99
- Continuous measurement for water – Specifications for design,...
Regulations
Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of October 23, 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy.
Barcelona Convention for the Protection of the Mediterranean Sea
Manufacturers – Suppliers
(Non-exhaustive list)
Analyzer
YSI Hydrodata
Secomam
Colorimeter
Biolys
Organizations
(non-exhaustive list)
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
DRIRE Regional directorates for industry, research and the environment
Water Agencies
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