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5. Conclusion
In view of the latest advances in the field of bone substitutes, three main avenues for the development of calcium phosphate-based biomaterials should be pursued in the future: their composition, their form, and their association with bioactive agents or cells.
Firstly, recent decades have seen the emergence of substituted calcium phosphates (e.g. silicate apatites or zinc-doped tricalcium phosphate) or, more generally, calcium phosphates chemically modified to enhance their biological properties. This route to enhancing and controlling the biological activity of CaP-based biomaterials is likely to be further developed with other types of ions/substituents and different combinations of possible substituents. Another avenue of development is based on exploiting the reactivity and surface properties of nanocrystalline apatites analogous to bone mineral, in particular...
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Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Materials for surgical implants – Determining the surface finish of coatings for biomedical applications - AFNOR S94-071 - 08-93
- Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by Gillmore Needles - ASTM C266-03 - 2003
- Dental art – Water-based cements – Part 1: Liquid/powder acid-base cements - NF EN ISO 9917-1 - 04-08
- Surgical implants – Hydroxyapatite – Part 1: hydroxyapatite...
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French research laboratories :
Laboratoire de Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), UMR 7315 CNRS – Université de Limoges, Centre Européen de la Céramique, LIMOGES.
Center Ingénierie et Santé (CIS), École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne, SAINT-ÉTIENNE.
Laboratoire d'Ingénierie Ostéo-Articulaire et Dentaire...
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