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4. Other non-auditory disturbances
In addition to the classic cardiovascular, hormonal and behavioral changes, noise can cause a wide variety of specific disturbances. Among the most commonly studied are effects on :
Inner ear: nausea, loss of balance;
vision: increase in pupillary diameter, reduction in field of vision (width, depth, contrast, relief, etc.), accommodation speed, adaptation to darkness;
immune functions: reduced antibody and interferon synthesis, faster progression of certain chemically-induced cancers (rat, mouse).
In his book Effets du bruit sur l'homme (cf.
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Other non-auditory disturbances
Theories on the mechanisms of noise action
Bibliography
Economic data
It's impossible to put a global figure on the cost of noise. All we can do is provide a few benchmarks for estimating the possible economic impact.
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Health
Estimates dating from 1978-1980 put the cost of noise-related problems at over 30 billion francs (around 4.5 billion euros):
11% of workplace accidents...
Regulations
Arrêté du 12 août 1975 Méthode de mesure des niveaux sonores en milieu de travail en vue de la protection de l'audition (JORF of October 12, 1975, page 10560)
Decree no. 63-405 of April 10, 1963 amending decree no. 46-2959 of December 31, 1946 (JORF of April 20, 1963, page 3693)
Decree no. 81-507 of May 4, 1981 revising and supplementing the tables of occupational diseases...
Standardization
- Évaluation de l'exposition au bruit en milieu professionnel et estimation du déficit auditif, induit par le bruit, de populations exposées (indice de classement : 31-013). - NF S31-013 - 04-85
- Acoustics – Determination of occupational noise exposure and estimation of noise-induced hearing damage. - ISO 1999:1990 - 01-90
- Acoustics – Environmental noise characterization and measurement – Application of standard...
Organizations
Center d'information et de documentation sur le bruit (CIDB) : http://www.bruit.fr
Service de Documentation de l'Institut national de recherche et de sécurité INRS : http://www.inrs.fr
International Occupational Safety and Health Information Centre...
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