4. Analysis of inorganic materials

Inorganic heritage materials mainly include metals, synthetic and natural glasses, glazes, ceramics, stone, gems, building materials, biomaterials and most pigments. A recent survey of the latest publications in archaeometry [12] showed that a third of the literature is dedicated to ceramics and a quarter to metals, with X-ray fluorescence (FX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), coupled or not with an EDX system, largely leading the techniques used.

4.1 Elemental and isotopic analysis of inorganic materials

The analytical methods used to study inorganic heritage materials are highly varied, with elemental analysis methods being the most widely used. Often non-invasive, giving access to a...

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