3. Validation principles and critical points

From the literature, it is possible to identify what might be termed "classic" validation procedures. In this respect, the UIPAC directive can be considered a typical example . The common elements of these relatively numerous documents are as follows:

• a short or long list of characteristics to be covered by the validation study;

• one or more parameters for each feature, to provide a quantitative or qualitative estimate (figure-of-merit ).

If no criteria are explicitly indicated in the document, the laboratory...