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5. Grading structural wood
In fact, the properties of wood from trees are highly variable. This variability, which may disconcert engineers accustomed to artificial, homogeneous and isotropic materials, is the result of the history of the structural timber.
It depends on genetics, silviculture and environment (climate, soil, altitude, etc.).
It is the result of structural factors linked to the wood's anatomy (sapwood, heartwood, initial wood, final wood, etc.).
Lastly, it depends on the history of any treatments applied to the material (drying, moisture absorption, etc.).
This variability not only exists from one species to another (interspecific variability), but also within the same species (intraspecific variability) and within the same tree.
In the absence of classification, variations...
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Grading structural wood
Conclusion
Bibliography
Standards and norms
- Environmental management – Lifecycle analysis – Principles and framework - NF EN ISO14040 (X30-300) - octobre 2006
- Environmental management – Lifecycle analysis – Requirements and guidelines - NF EN ISO14044 (X30-304) - octobre 2006
- Round and sawn timber – Nomenclature of woods used in Europe - NF EN 13556 (B53.800) - décembre 2003
- Vocabulaire des termes relatifs au bois - NF B 50-002 (B 50-002)...
Regulations
Order of November 21, 2002 on the reaction to fire of construction and fitting-out products
Directory
Organizations – Federations – Associations (non-exhaustive list)
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ADEME – French Environment and Energy Management Agency
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AQC – Agence qualité construction
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