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5. Components for alumina-zirconia prostheses
The development of zirconia reached its limits due to –– problems of accelerated degradation. In response, new alumina-zirconia composites were developed (in the late 1990s). In this section, the main aspects of these composites - microstructure, mechanical properties and durability - are examined, and possible optimization paths are proposed.
The idea behind alumina-zirconia composites was to exploit the advantages of two materials: the hardness and chemical inertness of alumina, and the phase-transformation reinforcement of zirconia. The most common way of achieving this is to create a homogeneous dispersion of zirconia grains in an alumina matrix (this produces a material known as "ZTA" (Zirconia-Toughened Alumina ). A crack propagating in such a material causes the q-m transformation of the zirconia grains, and is therefore slowed down by the compressive stresses...
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Components for alumina-zirconia prostheses
The future of orthopedic bioceramics
Bibliography
Websites
Numbers of ceramic prostheses implanted http://www.ceramtec.com/ceramic-materials/biolox/delta/ , accessed May 27, 2014.
Standards and norms
- Implants for surgery – Ceramic materials based on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (Y-TZP) - ISO 13356 - 2008
- Surgical implants – Partial and total hip joint prostheses – Part 2: Joint surfaces made of metallic, ceramic and plastic materials - ISO 7206-2 - 2011
- Surgical implants – Ceramic products – Part 1: High-purity alumina-based ceramic products - ISO 6474-1 - 2010
- Surgical implants –...
Patents
Reinforced porous coating. EP1924301 A1
Coating for dental applications. WO2010145822 A1
Directory
Manufacturers of ceramics for orthopedics (non-exhaustive list)
Kyocera (Bioceram AZ209, Al190 ) http://kyocera-md.com/technology/material/index.html
Ceramtec (Biolox® Delta, Biolox® Forte ) http://www.ceramtec.com/
...Statistical and economic data
Haute Autorité de Santé. Revision of generic descriptions for the list of reimbursable products and services "hip joint replacements" 2007 http://www.has-sante.fr
Haute Autorité de Santé. Revision of generic descriptions on the list of reimbursable products and services: knee joint implants. 2012
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