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4. Physiologically active additives
4.1 Biocides
Aqueous metalworking fluids and, possibly, fire-resistant aqueous hydraulic fluids (HFA, HFB, HFC fluids), in contact with the outside environment, are susceptible to contamination by microorganisms of various origins (bacteria, fungi and algae) which do not develop at the same time, but can cause serious inconvenience in machining and forming shops.
These microorganisms, which develop in the continuous phase of water, are of several types.
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Areobic bacteria
They thrive in aerated fluids, as they need oxygen, i.e. during periods of machine operation. They prefer neutral to alkaline pH and warm temperatures (30 to 40°C). The most troublesome...
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Physiologically active additives
Conclusion
Economic data
Lubricant additives are commercially available either as elementary additives or base components or, increasingly, as pre-formulated additives known as "additive packages", "performance additives" or "packages".
The former are mainly used in the preparation of industrial oils, metalworking lubricants and greases, or as complementary additives...
Bibliography
General works
Professional organizations
ATC (Additives Technical Committee): brings together European manufacturers of lubricant additives and cooperates with the ACEA (Association des Constructeurs Européens d'Automobiles) Fuels and Lubricants Technical Committee, ATIEL, CEC (Comité Européen de Coordination pour le Développement des Tests de Performance des Lubricants et Fuels Automobiles) and CONCAWE (Conservation of Clean Air and Water, Europe)....
Additive suppliers
To summarize what has been developed in the "Economic data" section of this documentation, we can mention :
Generalists
Chevron Chemical S.A. Oronite Division.
Ethyl France.
Infineum France.
Lubrizol France Lubrifiants.
Specialists
Akzo Nobel Chemicals
...
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