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5. Problems with refractories
The results of secondary metallurgy operations (deoxidation, degassing, desulfurization, etc.) can be altered, sometimes significantly, by the poor behavior of steel ladle refractories. .
Several types of reactions are likely to occur:
dissolution of refractory carbon in steel ;
vacuum dissociation ;
metal-refractory reactions ;
refractory reactions-inclusions ;
refractory-milk reactions.
5.1 Dissolution of refractory carbon in steel
This dissolution can lead to a weakening of the coating and an increase in carbon content,...
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Problems with refractories
Conclusions
Bibliography
- (1) - STEFFEN (R.) - Fluid Flow Phenomena of Metal and Slag during drainage of Metallurgical Vessels - Joint Research Report of the committee Metallurgical Fundamentals of VDEh. International Conference on Secondary Metallurgy, Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), Preprints p. 97-118 (21-23 sept. 1987).
- (2)...
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