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3. Conclusion
3.1 Influence of the nature of coals and their preparation and coking conditions
The degree of evolution (rank) of the coals used in the coking mixture is a determining factor in the structural properties of the coke. Not all coals have the properties required to produce metallurgical-grade coke.
Coking coals yield the best cokes: the most organized, the least reactive to CO 2 and the most mechanically resistant.
Low-grade coals, rich in volatile matter, lead to poorly organized, highly reactive and cracked cokes (low resistance to splitting). These coals are generally less expensive, and the rate at which they are incorporated into the mix needs to be optimized according to the mix preparation...
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Conclusion
Glossary
Bibliography
Standards and norms
French Standards Association (AFNOR)
- Combustibles minéraux solides. Détermination de l'indice de matières volatiles du charbon et du coke. - NF M03-004 - (février 2003)
- Combustibles minéraux solides. Dosage de l'azote. - NF M03-018 - (janvier 2003)
- Coke. Détermination de la densité relative vraie, de la densité relative apparente et de la porosité. - NF ISO 1014 - (mai 2004) ...
Regulations
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Iron and Steel Production. Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control), 2013. Report EUR 25521 EN.
Regulation (EC) No 166/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of January 18, 2006 concerning the establishment of a European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register and amending Council Directives...
Statistical and economic data
After remaining more or less stable at around 350 Mt per year until 2000, annual world coke production has been growing significantly since the beginning of the 21st century. It was around 455 in 2005, 595 in 2010 and 685 Mt in 2013.
This growth can be attributed entirely to China, whose coke production rose from 120 in 2000 to 243 in 2005, 390 in 2010 and 476 Mt in 2013. China's...
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