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2. Evolution of alloys used
The first materials used in medical applications were stainless steels and cobalt-chromium alloys. Despite their good resistance to corrosion, due to the formation of a passivation layer which renders them inert in a physiological environment, the release of metal ions is possible and is the cause of numerous harmful effects for the organism . What's more, their high elastic modulus compared with that of bone (190 GPa for stainless steels and 240 GPa for Co-Cr-based alloys) entails a risk of bone resorption.
Titanium and its alloys are both biocompatible and have much lower moduli of elasticity....
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The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
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Studies and properties of metals
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Evolution of alloys used
Bibliography
Patents
Process for the thermomechanical treatment of a titanium alloy, alloy and prosthesis thus obtained. Inventors: LAHEURTE (P.), PRIMA (F.), GLORIANT (T.), ELMAY (W.), EBERHARDT (A.), PATOOR (E.); March 16, 2013, Patent WO 2013/068366 A1.
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The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference