5. Hydroformylation of functionalized alkenes
The hydroformylation of alkenes carrying other functions such as alcohol, aldehyde, etc., is difficult to apply in the presence of cobalt catalysts operating at over 120 ˚C. Secondary reactions with the aldehydes formed become excessive.
On the other hand, the use of rhodium has enabled the industrialization of several processes:
hydroformylation of allyl alcohol to produce butanediol, a base for polyester (Kuraray process, 180,000 t/year);
hydroformylation of oct-7-enal to produce nonanediol or nonanediamine, a component of polyamides (Kuraray process, 3,000 t/year);
hydroformylation of functionalized butenes, intermediates in vitamin A synthesis (Hoffmann-La Roche and BASF processes: total 3,000 t/year cited as a reminder). This process uses rhodium...
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Unit operations. Chemical reaction engineering
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Hydroformylation of functionalized alkenes
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Some information on production capacities can be found in tables 1 and 2 . Updated information can be found in references
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