8. New information technologies, a strategic weapon

In the late 1980s, the visionary Peter Drucker wrote in the Harvard magazine : "Business, especially big business, has no choice but to become information-based". Nothing could be closer to reality! Today, all companies, whatever their size, are questioning their "information systems", whose architecture, reflecting a still stubborn organizational compartmentalization, is a stumbling block to all attempts at change. Information technology, once the domain of specialists, is now at the heart of competitive strategies, in the form of vast ERP (enterprise resource planning) and e-business (electronic commerce) projects