3. Asymmetric cryptography
Public key (asymmetric) cryptography was invented by Diffie and Hellman in their seminal paper . They sought to solve the problem of key exchange. How to exchange a secret key without having to meet each other?
They defined the notion of one-way function, central to cryptography today. One-way functions are functions for which there is an efficient algorithm for calculating the image of a point, but no efficient algorithm for inverting the function .
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Asymmetric cryptography
Cryptography applications: communication protocols
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