6. Conclusion
By weight and volume, aggregates make up the largest proportion of hydraulic concrete and road products. As such, they are largely responsible for the mechanical performance of these construction materials, without losing sight of the essential role of the binder in holding them in place.
The characteristics of aggregates depend on the nature and quality of the original material, on the one hand, and on the conditions under which they are mined and processed, on the other. Geometric and cleanliness properties can be considerably improved by implementing appropriate extraction, fragmentation and grading methods, while intrinsic properties can only be slightly influenced by manufacturing. The homogeneity of all these characteristics, i.e. the regularity of aggregate supplies, is the primary objective that every producer must aim for and that every client must verify....
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Conclusion
Bibliography
Standardization
European specification standards
- Granulats pour matériaux traités aux liants hydrauliques et non traités. - NF EN 13242 -
- Granulats pour mélanges hydrocarbonés et enduits superficiels. - NF EN 13043 -
- Granulats pour bétons. - NF EN 12620 -
- Granulats pour mortiers. - NF EN 13139 -
- Granulats légers (parties 1 et 2). - NF EN 13055 -
- Granulats pour ballasts de voies ferrées....
Productions of the French Committee for Road Techniques (CFTR)
Aide au choix des granulats pour chaussées - Note d'information n° 10, January 2005.
Valorization of local materials - Technical guide, October 2004.
Validation of regional technical guides - Information note no. 9, December 2004.
Regional technical guides
Limestone, Île-de-France - 1996.
Les Chailles, Île-de-France - 1996.
Silt, Île-de-France - 1996.
Les sablons, Île-de-France - 1996.
Bottom ash from household waste incineration, Île-de-France - 1998.
Recycled concrete and demolition products, Île-de-France - 2003.
...
Regulations
Law no. 76-663 of July 19, 1976 on facilities classified for environmental protection.
Law no. 93.3 of January 4, 1993 on quarries.
Arrêté du 22 septembre 1994 relatif aux exploitations des carrières et aux installations de premier traitement des matériaux de carrière.
Arrêté du 10 février 1998 relatif à la détermination du montant des garanties financières...
Consumption - Production
French aggregates production has reached around 400 million tonnes a year since 2000, with no significant change since.
Figures 1 and
Suppliers
The structure of aggregates supply in France at the end of 2006 is shown in figure 3 . For supplier addresses, a directory can be consulted or purchased from UNICEM.
Organizations
SETRA Service d'Études Techniques des Routes et Autoroutes http://www.setra.equipement.gouv.fr
UNPG Union Nationale des Producteurs de Granulats
UNICEM Union Nationale des Industries et des Carrières et Matériaux de construction http://www.unicem.fr
...
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