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4. Energy efficiency
The main advantage of a fuel cell for generating electrical energy, compared with an internal combustion engine coupled to an alternator, lies in its very high conversion efficiency.
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The theoretical maximum efficiency of a thermal machine is given by Carnot's theorem:
( 20 )
for T 1 = 723 K (450 °C) and T 2 = 353 K (80 °C) and
with :
- ...
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