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4. Use of transport modes
A single metropolis like Nice has 6,000 km of roadways, while France's urban rail network is 1,000 km long. The investment required for 8 km of metro or tramway is of the same order as that for 300 km of freeway or 2 × 2 expressway.
The top 10 central municipalities (from Paris to Grenoble) account for less than 10% of the population and mobility, and 20% including the inner suburbs. French decision-making centers are not representative of mobility. Suburbs are in the majority, and increasing urbanization is not synonymous with a decline in car use.
According to the national transport and travel survey (ENTD), 86% of road transport is associated with economic activity, and therefore difficult to compress.
According to the July 2015 transport accounts and SOES, from 1990 to 2014, road traffic increased by 1.3% per...
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Use of transport modes
Ecosystems
Bibliography
Bibliography
Websites
European energy-climate framework https://www.ecologique-solidaire.gouv.fr
Energy transition law for green growth https://www.ecologique-solidaire.gouv.fr
Norms and standards, regulations
European directive on the deployment of infrastructure for alternative fuels (2014) https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/FR/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0094&from=fr
Standards (AFNOR) "Electric vehicles intended for use on public roads and electric...
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French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME) http://www.ademe.fr
International Energy Agency (IEA). Electric vehicles https://www.iea.org
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