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2. Polymer melting in the extruder
2.1 Polymer melting
Filament melting is a key step in the process. It must allow the polymer to extrude through the nozzle and ensure that the strands have a controlled morphology. The temperature to which the polymer is heated is therefore an important parameter. It must not be too high to avoid degradation of the polymer and the extruder's thermal resistance. On the other hand, it must be sufficient to ensure complete melting of the filament and minimize pressure drop in the nozzle. Polymer entrainment must be guaranteed on a material that is still in a solid state. Devices such as those developed by E3D, which equip a number of printers, have been designed for this purpose. Figure 2...
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Polymer melting in the extruder
Filament deposition
Bibliography
Software tools
CAD software
FreeCAD (operating systems: Windows, MacOS and Linux): free, fully customizable software.
CREO (operating system: Windows): payware, one of the market leaders specifically dedicated to additive manufacturing.
Fusion 360 (operating systems: Windows, MacOS and Linux): low-cost, pay-as-you-go software, incorporating finite element calculation...
Websites
3D Natives, the 3D printing media
MakerShop, 3D printing guide for beginners
https://www.makershop.fr/content/
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all3dp
Events
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3D Print Congress & Exhibition October 11-12, 2023, Parc des expositions, Porte de Versailles, Paris,
https://www.3dprint-exhibition-paris.com/
3D Print Congress & Exhibition June 4-6, 2024, Euroexpo, Lyon,
Standards and norms
- Additive manufacturing – General principles – Terminology. - NF EN ISO/ASTM 52900 - 2017
- Industrial automation systems and integration – Numerical control of machines – Program format and address word definitions – Part 1: Data format for positioning, paraxial motion control and contouring systems. - ISO 6983-1 - 2009
Patents
S. S. CRUMP. Apparatus and method for creating three-dimensional objects. U.S. Pat. US5121329A. 1989. Jun. 9, 1992.
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