6. Conclusion

The issue of urban risks has been, and continues to be, the subject of considerable reflection and scientific production in France over the last few decades, both in the engineering sciences and in the social sciences . Indeed, urban risks are now the very title of an online journal that has appeared in the last few years, with the ambition of "establishing the main frameworks for reflection and analysis of risks linked to a particular type of threat or vulnerability, while at the same time drawing on other experiences necessary for understanding the complexity of urban functioning"