Article | REF: BIO9300 V1

Pollution of oceans by plastics and microplastics

Authors: François GALGANI, Stéphane BRUZAUD, Guillaume DUFLOS, Pascale FABRE, Emmanuelle GASTALDI, Jeff GHIGLIONE, Régis GRIMAUD, Matthieu GEORGE, Arnaud HUVET, Fabienne LAGARDE, Ika PAUL-PONT, Alexandra TER HALLE

Publication date: January 10, 2020, Review date: September 2, 2020

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7. Glossary

Marine waste; marine litter

Marine litter is any persistent solid object, manufactured or processed, disposed of or abandoned in the marine and coastal environment.

Plastics; plastics

Plastics are essentially made up of synthetic polymers derived from hydrocarbons or biomass, plus a few percent of fillers and additives. For the marine environment, this definition includes elastomers, fibers, semi-synthetic polymers (cellulose nitrate, rayon, etc.), monofilament lines, coatings and ropes. Plastics can be divided into two main categories: thermoplastics, which are heat-deformable (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, etc.), and thermosets, which are not heat-deformable (cross-linked polymers such as polyurethanes, epoxy resins, etc.). Many plastics are blends of different polymers to which various additives such...

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