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4. Laminates and sandwiches
In this section, the properties of the most common composites and sandwich materials will be briefly presented. It should be noted that there are a large number of standardized tests for characterizing the properties of composite materials ([21], [22] and [23]). Many of these tests have been developed by the aerospace industry, and their limitations, as far as marine composites are concerned, will be discussed below.
The properties of primary interest to those designing marine structures are stiffness moduli (E L , E T , G LT , ν LT ) and strengths (tensile, compressive and shear) in the main orthotropic directions.
A test campaign...
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Laminates and sandwiches
Design and calculation of marine structures
Bibliography
File references
Main suppliers
(non-exhaustive list)
• Hexcel ( www.hexcel.com/ )
• Structil ( www.structil.fr/ )
• Airex ( www.alcanairex.com/...
Organizations and laboratories
(non-exhaustive list)
• END ( www.fin.fr/ )
• IFREMER ( www.ifremer.fr/ )
Standards
- Hull construction – Sampling – Part 5: Design pressure for monohulls, design constraints, determination of sampling - • ISO 12215 - 2006
• ISO 527 – Plastics. Determination of tensile properties 20/09/2007 (date of European confirmation of the standard)
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