5. Pigment preparations

Colouring with pure pigments (dry colouring) is a delicate operation, often resulting in irregularities in shade, and always in dusting that is very dirty for the material and the environment. This is why plastics processors often use pigment preparations:

Solid pigment preparations are called masterbatches;
liquid pigment preparations are called liquid colorants.

Masterbatches are solid concentrates in the base polymer, which then acts as a binder or carrier. Liquid colorants are more or less viscous liquids in which the pigments are finely dispersed in concentrated form in a carrier compatible with most thermoplastics.

Note :

For further details, please refer to

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Bibliography

(1) - BROWN (H.E.) - Zinc Oxide – Properties and Applications - IIZRO, New York (1976).
(2) - BENZING (G.) et al - Pigmente und Farbstoffe für die lackindustrie - Expert verlag, Ehningen, Allemagne (1992).
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Standards and norms

Testing of pigments (Part 1 et Part 2). - DIN 53235 -
Testing in plasticised PVC – Composition and preparation of basic mixture. - DIN 53775 -
Colouring materials ; classification according to coloristic and chemical aspects. - DIN 55944 -
Plastics – Methods of Exposure to laboratory light sources. - DIN 53387 -
Printing, printing inks and substrates – Assessment of light fastness...

Regulations

Circular N° 176 du 2/12/1959 relative aux pigments et colorants des matières plastiques et emballages.

Council Directive 91/338/EEC of June 18, 1991 amending for the tenth time Directive 76/769/EEC on the approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and preparations....