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4. Light sensors
We'll now take a look at some common light detectors. For the most part, they can play the role of the photosensitive part of an imaging system. Note that we won't deal here with silver photography, which after a century of glory seems obsolete for scientific use.
4.1 The eye
The eye, and more specifically the human eye, is a natural imaging system. It consists of an optical part, the cornea and lens, and a photosensitive part, the retina. The latter lines the back of the eye, and has two types of photoreceptor: cones, responsible for daytime vision, and rods, responsible for night vision. These light-sensitive cells capture the light passing through the vitreous body, releasing neurotransmitters which are in turn converted into electrical signals by the underlying...
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