3. Earth-fault protection for impedant neutrals
3.1 Current flow in the event of earth faults
3.1.1 Equivalent zero-sequence diagram
Before discussing protection settings, it's essential to understand the flow of currents that a stable earth fault causes in the network. The diagram at 4 illustrates this flow in the case of an open fault: the voltage of the faulted phase with respect to earth is zero, and the voltages of the healthy phases become equal to the compound voltage....
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Earth-fault protection for impedant neutrals
Bibliography
- (1) - WILLHEM (R.), WATERS (M.) - Neutral grounding in high voltage transmission. - Elsevier publishing company.
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Standards and norms
- Technical decree – Technical requirements for electrical power distribution - UTE C11-001 -
- Postes de livraison établis à l'intérieur d'un bâtiment et alimentés par un réseau de distribution publique HTA (jusqu'à 33 kV) - NF C13-100 -
- Effects of current on humans and pets – Part 1: General aspects - CEI 60479-1 -
- Effects of current on humans and pets – Part 5: Contact voltage threshold values...
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